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cotton chamber

  • 1 Moisture In Cotton

    The Manchester Chamber of Commerce standard is 7.834 per cent obtained as follows: On exposure to the air 100-lb. of absolutely dry cotton will gain 81/2-lb. therefore, since 1081/2-lb. contains 81/2-lb. of moisture, 100-lb. will contain 7.834 per cent of moisture.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Moisture In Cotton

  • 2 лабаз для разрыхлённого хлопка

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > лабаз для разрыхлённого хлопка

  • 3 камера

    ( помещение) camera, ( в камерно-столбовой разработке угля) bord, bowl, box, cabinet пищ., case, cell, chamber, compartment, enclosure, room, stall, ( шины) inner tube, ( шины или рукава) tube резин.
    * * *
    ка́мера ж.
    1. ( помещение) chamber, compartment
    герметизи́ровать ка́меру
    1. ( уплотнять) seal the chamber
    4. горн. chamber
    ка́мера Бо́йса — Boys rotating lens-type camera
    броди́льная ка́мера — fermentation room
    бурова́я ка́мера — drill chamber
    ва́куумная ка́мера — vacuum chamber
    ва́куумно-косми́ческая ка́мера — space chamber
    ва́рочная ка́мера ( для вулканизации шин) — curing bag
    вентиляцио́нная ка́мера — air-ventilation chamber
    взрывна́я ка́мера горн.blasting chamber
    ка́мера Ви́льсона — (Wilson) cloud chamber
    ка́мера Ви́льсона, диффузио́нная — diffusion cloud chamber
    вла́жная ка́мера — moist chamber
    водоприё́мная ка́мера гидр.water intake chamber
    возду́шная ка́мера — wind chamber
    ка́мера вса́сывания ( в насосе) — inlet chamber
    вулканизацио́нная ка́мера — vulcanization [curing] chamber
    высо́тная ка́мера — altitude chamber
    (высо́тная) ка́мера воспроизво́дит усло́вия, существу́ющие на больши́х высо́тах — an altitude chamber simulates conditions up to extreme hights
    вытяжна́я ка́мера — exhaust chamber
    ка́мера глазирова́ния пищ.glazing chamber
    ка́мера глуши́теля — baffle chamber
    ка́мера горе́ния ( в печи) — primary furnace
    ка́мера грохоче́ния горн.grizzly chamber
    грязева́я ка́мера — mud chamber
    ка́мера давле́ния — pressure vessel; pressure chamber
    дезактивацио́нная ка́мера ( для обработки после поражения радиоактивными веществами) — decontamination chamber
    дезинфекцио́нная ка́мера — disinfector
    декомпрессио́нная ка́мера — decompression chamber
    ка́мера деле́ния яд. физ.fission chamber
    ка́мера деле́ния, многоэлектро́дная — multiplate fission chamber
    дели́тельная ка́мера яд. физ.fission chamber
    дистилляцио́нная ка́мера — distillation chamber
    диффузио́нно-конденсацио́нная ка́мера — diffusion (cloud) chamber
    ка́мера для дожига́ния ( отходящих газов) — combustion chamber
    ка́мера для запа́рки поча́тков текст.cop steaming box
    ка́мера для испыта́ния в солево́м тума́не, коррозио́нная — salt-spray chamber
    ка́мера для окра́ски распыле́нием авто(paint) spray booth
    ка́мера догора́ния ( в печи) — secondary furnace, secondary combustion space
    ка́мера дожига́ния ав. — reheat [afterburner] chamber
    дожига́тельная ка́мера ( в печи) — secondary furnace, secondary combustion space
    дробестру́йная ка́мера — shot-blasting chamber
    ка́мера дробле́ния
    1. горн. crusher chamber
    2. ( щековой дробилки) breaking space
    дугогаси́тельная ка́мера ( в выключателях-автоматах) — arc chute
    дутьева́я ка́мера ( в печи) — wind box
    заглушё́нная ка́мера ак. — anechoic [echo-free] chamber, dead [free-field] room
    загру́зочная ка́мера
    1. loading chamber
    2. с.-х. feed chamber
    зака́лочная ка́мера — hardening [quenching] chamber
    заря́дная ка́мера горн. — charging room, battery (charging) room
    измельчи́тельная ка́мера с.-х.chopper chamber
    ионизацио́нная ка́мера — ionization [ion] chamber
    ионизацио́нная, воздухоэквивале́нтная ка́мера — air-equivalent ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, возду́шная ка́мера — free-air ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, двойна́я ка́мера — back-to-back ionization [double ionization] chamber
    ионизацио́нная, дифференциа́льная ка́мера — differential ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, и́мпульсная ка́мера — pulse ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, интегри́рующая ка́мера — integrating ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, компенсацио́нная ка́мера — compensated ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, напё́рстковая ка́мера — thimble ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, прото́чная ка́мера — flow-type ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная ка́мера с электро́нным и́мпульсом — fast ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, тканеэквивале́нтная ка́мера — tissue-equivalent ionization chamber
    ионизацио́нная, экстраполяцио́нная ка́мера — extrapolation ionization chamber
    искроулови́тельная ка́мера метал.spark condensing chamber
    ка́мера иску́сственного кли́мата — environmental [climatic] chamber, climatizer
    ка́мера ка́бельной ли́нии — cable line cell
    киносъё́мочная ка́мера — motion-picture [cine] camera
    киносъё́мочная, люби́тельская ка́мера — amateur cine camera
    киносъё́мочная, многообъекти́вная ка́мера — multiple-lens camera
    киносъё́мочная, мультипликацио́нная ка́мера — animation-cartoon camera
    киносъё́мочная, подво́дная ка́мера — underwater motion-picture [underwater cine] camera
    киносъё́мочная, регистрацио́нная ка́мера — instrumentation camera
    киносъё́мочная, ручна́я ка́мера — band-held motion-picture [hand-held cine] camera
    киносъё́мочная, скоростна́я ка́мера — high-speed cine camera
    кла́панная ка́мера — valve chamber
    коагуляцио́нная ка́мера — coagulation tank
    ка́мера коксова́ния — coking chamber
    компрессио́нная ка́мера — compression chamber
    конденсацио́нная ка́мера — (Wilson) cloud [condensing] chamber
    ка́мера кондициони́рования — conditioning chamber
    копти́льная ка́мера — smoking [smoke] chamber, smoke-room, smoke cabinet
    ка́мера котла́, водяна́я — heater of a boiler
    лучева́я ка́мера ( для электроннолучевой плавки) — beam chamber
    ка́мера манипуляцио́нная ручна́я ка́мера ( для работы с радиоактивными веществами) — glove box
    ка́мера молоти́лки, приё́мная — feeder house
    молоти́льная ка́мера — heating chamber
    морози́льная ка́мера — freezing room, freezing chamber
    ка́мера нагнета́ния ( насоса) — discharge [pressure] chamber
    напо́рная ка́мера ( насоса) — discharge [pressure] chamber
    направля́ющая ка́мера ( для ленты видеомагнитофона) — concave guide
    насо́сная ка́мера горн. — pump chamber, pump room
    низкотемперату́рная ка́мера — cold chamber
    ка́мера облуче́ния — irradiation chamber
    ка́мера оку́ривания — fumigating chamber, fumigator room
    осади́тельная ка́мера — settling chamber
    оса́дочная ка́мера — settling vessel
    отжига́тельная ка́мера — annealing chamber
    ка́мера отрыва́ющего аппара́та с.-х.stripping chamber
    отсто́йная ка́мера — settling chamber
    ка́мера охлажде́ния ( топки) — secondary furnace
    ка́мера очё́са с.-х.combing chamber
    парова́я ка́мера — steam chamber
    пека́рная ка́мера — baking chamber
    плави́льная ка́мера — melt(ing) chamber
    ка́мера подава́теля комба́йна — feeder house
    ка́мера подогре́ва двс.(pre)heating chamber
    помо́льная ка́мера метал.grinding chamber
    поплавко́вая ка́мера тепл.float chamber
    ка́мера предвари́тельного прессова́ния с.-х.precompression chamber
    предсоплова́я ка́мера ( летательного аппарата на воздушной подушке) — plenum chamber
    прессова́льная ка́мера с.-х. — bale [baling] chamber
    ка́мера прессова́ния ( в литье под давлением) — pressure chamber
    приё́мная ка́мера
    1. inlet chamber
    2. с.-х. feed chamber
    промы́вочная ка́мера — washing chamber
    пропа́рочная ка́мера — steam-curing chamber
    пряди́льная ка́мера — spinning cell
    пузырько́вая ка́мера яд. физ.bubble chamber
    пузырько́вая, «чи́стая» ка́мера яд. физ.clean-type bubble chamber
    пускова́я ка́мера ракет.precombustion chamber
    пылеосади́тельная ка́мера — dust-collecting chamber
    пылеотдели́тельная ка́мера — dust-separation chamber
    разгру́зочная ка́мера
    1. с.-х. discharge chamber
    2. тепл. balancing chamber
    разря́дная ка́мера — discharge chamber
    распа́рочная ка́мера рез.steam-softening chamber
    ка́мера распредели́тельного устро́йства эл.switchgear cell
    распыли́тельная ка́мера
    1. spray [atomizing] chamber
    2. двс. jet chamber
    расшири́тельная ка́мера — expansion chamber
    реверберацио́нная ка́мера — reverberation chamber
    рентге́новская ка́мера — X-ray camera
    рентге́новская, порошко́вая ка́мера — powder X-ray camera
    ка́мера сгора́ния — combustion chamber
    … происхо́дит прога́р ка́меры сгора́ния ркт. — …then the combustion chamber burns up [burns out]
    удаля́ть нага́р из ка́меры сгора́ния двс.de-gum the combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, вихрева́я — high-turbulence [vortex, swirl-type] combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, кольцева́я ( газотурбинного двигателя) — annular combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния ма́ршевого дви́гателя — sustainer [cruising] chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, противото́чная — reverse-flow combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, прямото́чная — straight flow [direct-flow] combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, сверхзвукова́я — supersonic combustor
    ка́мера сгора́ния со стабилиза́торами пла́мени — can combustor
    ка́мера сгора́ния с плё́ночным охлажде́нием — film-cooled combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния с турбулиза́торами пото́ка — baffle-type combustor
    ка́мера сгора́ния, тру́бчатая — tubular-type [can-type] combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, тру́бчато-кольцева́я — canular combustion chamber
    ка́мера сгора́ния, поворо́тная — swiveling combustion chamber
    семенна́я ка́мера с.-х.seed vessel
    ка́мера сжа́тия двс.compression chamber
    смеси́тельная ка́мера — plenum [mixing] chamber
    смесите́льная ка́мера карбюра́тора — mixing tube
    соплова́я ка́мера тепл. — steam belt; nozzle chamber
    сортиру́ющая ка́мера ( масс-спектрометра) — sorting chamber
    ка́мера спектро́графа — spectrograph camera
    спира́льная ка́мера ( гидротурбины) — spiral case
    стереофотограмметри́ческая ка́мера — stereometric camera, photogrammetric stereocamera
    стерилизацио́нная ка́мера с.-х.sterilizing box
    сульфитацио́нная ка́мера пищ.sulphitation chamber
    суши́льная ка́мера — drying cell, drying chamber
    суши́льная ка́мера непреры́вного де́йствия дер.-об.continuous kiln
    суши́льная ка́мера периоди́ческого де́йствия дер.-об.intermittent kiln
    телевизио́нная (передаю́щая) ка́мера — television [TV] camera
    повора́чивать телевизио́нную ка́меру в вертика́льном направле́ний — tilt the camera
    повора́чивать телевизио́нную ка́меру в горизонта́льном направле́нии — pan the camera
    телевизио́нная, переносна́я ка́мера — portable pick-up TV camera
    телевизио́нная, репорта́жная ка́мера — field TV camera
    телевизио́нная ка́мера с бегу́щим лучо́м — flying-spot TV camera
    телевизио́нная, студи́йная ка́мера — studio TV camera
    телевизио́нная, цветна́я ка́мера — colour TV camera
    телевизио́нная, чё́рно-бе́лая ка́мера — monochrome TV camera
    то́почная ка́мера тепл.furnace
    тороида́льная ка́мера ( ускорителя частиц) — toroidal chamber, doughnut
    ка́мера увлажне́ния дер.-об.humidifying chamber
    увлажни́тельная ка́мера пищ.humidifying chamber
    уравни́тельная ка́мера — singe tank
    успокои́тельная ка́мера ( аэродинамической трубы) — plenum chamber
    ферментацио́нная ка́мера пищ.fermentation room
    форса́жная ка́мера ав.afterburner
    ка́мера форсу́нки ав.nozzle chamber
    фотографи́ческая ка́мера — (photographic) camera
    фотографи́ческая, зерка́льная ка́мера — reflex (photographic) camera
    фотографи́ческая ка́мера кругово́го обзо́ра — all-sky (photographic) camera
    фотографи́ческая, лу́нная ка́мера астр.moon (photographic) camera
    фотографи́ческая, широкоуго́льная ка́мера — wide-angle (photographic) camera
    фоторепродукцио́нная ка́мера — process [reproducing] camera
    ка́мера хлопкоубо́рочной маши́ны, приё́мная — cotton receiving chamber
    ка́мера хлопкоубо́рочной маши́ны, рабо́чая — picking throat, cotton picking receptacle
    холоди́льная ка́мера — refrigerating chamber
    холоди́льная, сбо́рная ка́мера — sectional cooler
    ка́мера хране́ния багажа́ — cloakroom, luggage room
    цикло́нная ка́мера — vortex chamber
    швицева́льная ка́мера кож.sweat pit
    ка́мера ши́ны — tyre (inner) tube
    ка́мера ши́ны, автомоби́льная — automobile (inner) tube
    ка́мера ши́ны, велосипе́дная — bicycle (inner) tube
    ка́мера ши́ны, самозакле́ивающаяся — self-sealing (inner) tube
    ка́мера шлаковика́ — slag chamber
    шлюзова́я ка́мера — sluice [lock] chamber
    щитова́я ка́мера горн.shield chamber
    экологи́ческая ка́мера с.-х.environmental cabinet
    электроли́тная ка́мера — electrolyte chamber
    эмульсио́нная ка́мера яд. физ. — emulsion chamber, pellicle stack

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > камера

  • 4 secar

    v.
    el sol secó los campos the sun dried out the fields
    2 to wipe away.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ SACAR], like link=sacar sacar
    1 (gen) to dry
    2 (lágrimas, vajilla) to wipe; (tinta) to blot; (líquido) to wipe up, mop up
    3 (planta) to wither, dry up; (río, fuente, etc) to dry up
    1 (gen) to dry
    2 (líquido, río, etc) to dry up; (planta) to wither, dry up
    3 figurado (enflaquecer) to become thin
    \
    secarse la frente to mop one's brow
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=quitar la humedad) [con paño, toalla] to dry; [con fregona] to mop up; [con papel secante] to blot

    secar los platos — to dry the plates, dry up

    2) (=resecar) [+ planta, terreno] to dry up; [+ piel] to dry out
    3) Uru (=fastidiar) to annoy, vex
    2.
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry
    b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up
    2.
    secar vi to dry
    3.
    secarse v pron
    1)
    a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry
    b) herida to heal (up)
    c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up
    d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up
    e) arroz/guiso to go dry
    2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away
    * * *
    = dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.
    Ex. In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.
    Ex. Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.
    Ex. Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).
    Ex. These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.
    Ex. When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.
    Ex. If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.
    Ex. They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.
    Ex. Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.
    ----
    * colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.
    * cortar y secar = cut and dry.
    * secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.
    * secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.
    * secarse completamente = dry up.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) <ropa/pelo/platos> to dry; <pintura/arcilla> to dry
    b) <tierra/plantas/hierba> to dry up
    2.
    secar vi to dry
    3.
    secarse v pron
    1)
    a) ropa/pintura/pelo to dry
    b) herida to heal (up)
    c) tierra/planta/hierba to dry up
    d) río/pozo/fuente to dry up
    e) arroz/guiso to go dry
    2) (refl) persona <manos/pelo> to dry; < lágrimas> to dry, wipe away
    * * *
    = dry, dab up, dehumidify, dry out, drain off, blot, dry + Nombre + up, parch.

    Ex: In the Wei T'o process books are dried in a vacuum chamber and then treated with a neutrilising solution of liquid gas.

    Ex: Place a drop of a saturated solution of sugar in water on the paper and dab up the excess liquid with cotton wool.
    Ex: Telephone calls were made to the following: dairy (to secure milk carton storage for books); grocery stores (for freezer space for books); fire department (for fans to dehumidify books); and aerospace companies (for vacuum freezing facilities).
    Ex: These tapes effect a permanent repair and do not discolour, but ordinary cellulose tapes such as Sellotape are not suitable for this purpose as they dry out, become discoloured and brittle, and cannot be removed without lifting a layer of paper and text.
    Ex: When removed from the sink the items were left to drain off for half an hour at room temperature, then packaged in polythene in separate bundles and placed in a domestic refrigerator for 7 weeks.
    Ex: If a stencil is carefully removed from the cylinder after use and blotted to remove excess ink, it can be stored and re-used.
    Ex: They scraped the sinew, washed it up, dried it up, and then they split it.
    Ex: Droughts are becoming a common feature, parching the land at least once every two years.
    * colgar Algo para que se seque = hang + Nombre + out to dry.
    * cortar y secar = cut and dry.
    * secar las lágrimas = wipe (away) + tears.
    * secarse = dry off, shrivel up, shrivel, run + dry, dry out.
    * secarse completamente = dry up.

    * * *
    secar [A2 ]
    vt
    1 ‹ropa/pelo› to dry; ‹platos› to dry; ‹pintura/arcilla› to dry
    le secó las lágrimas con un pañuelo she wiped away o dried his tears with a handkerchief
    2 ‹tierra› to dry up; ‹plantas/hierba› to dry up
    el sol seca la piel the sun makes your skin dry o dries out your skin
    ■ secar
    vi
    to dry
    yo friego y tú secas I'll wash and you dry
    ponlo a secar al sol put it out in the sun to dry
    A
    1 to dry
    este pegamento se seca enseguida this glue dries o sets straightaway
    se me ha secado la garganta my throat's gone really dry
    se me seca mucho la piel my skin gets very dry
    2 «herida» to heal (up)
    3 «tierra» to dry up; «planta/hierba» to dry up
    4 «río/pozo/fuente» to dry up
    5 «arroz/guiso» to go dry
    el pollo se ha secado demasiado the chicken has dried out o gone dry
    B ( refl) «persona» ‹manos/pelo› to dry; ‹lágrimas› to dry, wipe away
    se secó el sudor de la frente he wiped the sweat off his forehead, he mopped his brow
    se secó con la toalla she dried herself (off) with the towel
    * * *

     

    secar ( conjugate secar) verbo transitivo
    a)ropa/pelo/platos to dry;

    pintura/arcilla to dry
    b)tierra/plantas/hierba to dry up;

    pielto make … dry
    verbo intransitivo
    to dry
    secarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) [ropa/pintura/pelo] to dry;

    [ piel] to get dry;


    c) [tierra/planta/hierba] to dry up

    d) [río/pozo/fuente] to dry up

    e) [arroz/guiso] to go dry

    2 ( refl) [ persona] to dry oneself;
    manos/pelo to dry;
    lágrimas to dry, wipe away
    secar verbo transitivo to dry: el sol secó la pintura, the sun dried the paint
    ' secar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    paño
    English:
    blot
    - blow-dry
    - dry
    - mop
    - mop up
    - rub down
    - shrivel
    - towel
    - tumble
    - wipe
    - wipe away
    - sear
    - season
    - weather
    * * *
    vt
    1. [platos, manos, niño] to dry
    2. [planta, tierra] to dry up;
    el sol secó los campos the sun parched the fields
    3. [enjugar] to wipe away;
    [con fregona] to mop up
    4. Dep [jugador] to mark
    5. RP Fam [fastidiar] to get on sb's nerves;
    por favor, no me dejes sola con ella porque me seca please don't leave me alone with her, she drives me up the wall
    vi
    to dry;
    déjalo ahí a secar leave it there to dry
    * * *
    v/t dry
    * * *
    secar {72} v
    : to dry
    * * *
    secar vb to dry [pt. & pp. dried]

    Spanish-English dictionary > secar

  • 5 рабочая камера хлопкоуборочной машины

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > рабочая камера хлопкоуборочной машины

  • 6 empapar

    v.
    2 to soak up.
    * * *
    1 (humedecer) to soak; (penetrar) to soak, drench
    2 (absorber) to soak up
    1 (humedecerse) to get soaked
    2 (persona) to get soaked, get drenched, be soaked, be drenched
    3 figurado (ideas etc) to soak up
    4 figurado (enterarse bien) to swot up (de, on)
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=mojar) to soak, drench

    cierra la ducha que me estás empapando — can you turn the shower off, you're soaking o drenching me

    2) (=absorber) to soak up
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( embeber) <esponja/toalla/galleta> to soak
    b) ( mojar mucho) < persona> to soak, drench
    2.
    empaparse v pron
    a) ( mojarse mucho) persona/zapatos/ropa to get soaking wet, get wet through
    b) ( imbuirse)

    empaparse de or en algo — to be/become imbued with something (frml)

    empapado de la filosofía de la sectaimbued with o steeped in the philosophy of the sect

    empaparse de or en algo: se había empapado del tema — he had learned a lot about the subject

    * * *
    = drench, soak, imbue, saturate, soak up.
    Ex. This article outlines the preparatory stages and describes some of the problems presented by the physical conditions in a city of tents either drenched by rain or smothered by dust = Este artículo esboza las etapas preparatorias y describe algunos de los problemas que presentan las condiciones físicas de una gran cantidad de tiendas de campaña empapadas por la lluvia o cubiertas por el polvo.
    Ex. In the vacuum soaking process paper is soaked in a watery neutralising liquid in a vacuum chamber.
    Ex. Librarians and bibliographers are as deeply fired with the idealistic fervour which is alleged to have imbued the medieval knights.
    Ex. This article outlines briefly the work of the British Library aimed at improving paper quality by saturating books by a monomeric mixture of esters.
    Ex. They gradually soak up language, discovering the rules by which it works almost without noticing it.
    ----
    * empaparse de = steep + Reflexivo + in, imbibe.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( embeber) <esponja/toalla/galleta> to soak
    b) ( mojar mucho) < persona> to soak, drench
    2.
    empaparse v pron
    a) ( mojarse mucho) persona/zapatos/ropa to get soaking wet, get wet through
    b) ( imbuirse)

    empaparse de or en algo — to be/become imbued with something (frml)

    empapado de la filosofía de la sectaimbued with o steeped in the philosophy of the sect

    empaparse de or en algo: se había empapado del tema — he had learned a lot about the subject

    * * *
    = drench, soak, imbue, saturate, soak up.

    Ex: This article outlines the preparatory stages and describes some of the problems presented by the physical conditions in a city of tents either drenched by rain or smothered by dust = Este artículo esboza las etapas preparatorias y describe algunos de los problemas que presentan las condiciones físicas de una gran cantidad de tiendas de campaña empapadas por la lluvia o cubiertas por el polvo.

    Ex: In the vacuum soaking process paper is soaked in a watery neutralising liquid in a vacuum chamber.
    Ex: Librarians and bibliographers are as deeply fired with the idealistic fervour which is alleged to have imbued the medieval knights.
    Ex: This article outlines briefly the work of the British Library aimed at improving paper quality by saturating books by a monomeric mixture of esters.
    Ex: They gradually soak up language, discovering the rules by which it works almost without noticing it.
    * empaparse de = steep + Reflexivo + in, imbibe.

    * * *
    empapar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (embeber) ‹esponja/paño› to soak empapar algo EN algo to soak sth IN sth
    empapar las galletas en jerez soak the biscuits in sherry
    2 (mojar mucho) to soak, drench, saturate
    me empapó con la manguera she soaked o drenched o saturated me with the hosepipe
    el sudor le había empapado la camisa his shirt was soaked with o drenched in sweat
    1 (mojarse mucho) «persona» to get wet through o soaking wet o soaked o drenched; «zapatos/ropa» to get soaking wet, get wet through
    2 (imbuirse) empaparse DE or EN algo to be/become imbued WITH sth ( frml)
    volvió empapado de la filosofía de la secta he returned imbued with o steeped in the philosophy of the sect
    3 (instruirse) empaparse DE or EN algo:
    se había empapado del tema he had done a lot of work on the subject, he had learned a lot about the subject
    * * *

    empapar ( conjugate empapar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( embeber) ‹esponja/toalla/galleta to soak


    empaparse verbo pronominal ( mojarse mucho) [persona/zapatos/ropa] to get soaking wet
    empapar verbo transitivo
    1 (mojar, calar) to soak: llegó con la camisa empapada en sudor, she came home with her shirt soaked in sweat
    2 (con un paño) to soak up
    ' empapar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    calar
    - untar
    English:
    douse
    - drench
    - impregnate
    - soak
    - saturate
    * * *
    vt
    1. [humedecer] to soak;
    empapa la bayeta bien de o [m5] en agua soak the cloth in plenty of water
    2. [absorber] to soak up
    3. [calar] to saturate, to drench;
    la lluvia me empapó I got soaked o drenched in the rain;
    el sudor le empapaba la frente his forehead was drenched in sweat
    * * *
    v/t soak; ( absorber) soak up
    * * *
    mojar: to soak, to drench
    * * *
    1. (mojar) to soak / to drench
    2. (absorber) to soak up

    Spanish-English dictionary > empapar

  • 7 chanoq

    socket, chamber, basin; segment of a cotton boll; chamber of a millstone. bosh chanoqi skull. ko’z chanoqi eye socket

    Uzbek-English dictionary > chanoq

  • 8 Beam Dyeing

    A system of dyeing cotton warps, especially when intended for weaving with worsted weft. The yarn is wound on a perforated beam and then placed in a cylindrical chamber which can be made airtight. The dye liquid is pumped into the chamber and penetrates from both outside and inside the yam.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Beam Dyeing

  • 9 Carbonising Wool Rags

    The " wet " or dilute sulphuric acid process is now almost entirely superseded for rags by the " dry " or hydrochloric acid gas treatment, because the colours of the rags do not " bleed " so much as with the wet process. The gas is generated in a retort placed beside the extracting chamber. In the retort is placed a mixture of common salt and sulphuric acid, or the gas is produced by merely heating liquid hydrochloric acid (spirits of salt). The extracting chamber consists of a revolving cylindrical cage, contained in a cased iron vessel heated by steam In this the rags are subjected to the acid fumes. The rags are slightly moistened by steam to facilitate the action of the acid on the cotton. The inside of the cylinder is covered with hooks, and, as it turns slowly, the rags are carried up and drop from the hooks, ensuring a thorough contact with the gas. The operation is complete in three hours. After the carbonising, the shoddy is put through a burr crushing machine, where the charred vegetable matter is removed. Then the goods are washed well or neutralised, and are then ready for the next process of manufacture.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Carbonising Wool Rags

  • 10 приёмная камера хлопкоуборочной машины

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > приёмная камера хлопкоуборочной машины

  • 11 settore

    "sector;
    Bereich;
    regiao"
    * * *
    m sector
    * * *
    settore s.m.
    1 (mat.) sector: settore sferico, spherical sector (o sector of a sphere)
    2 ( di aula semicircolare) block of seats // approvazione da tutti i settori della Camera, approbation from all parts of the Chamber
    3 (mil.) sector, area: settore di tiro, firing area
    4 ( campo) field, sector, area, line: si è fatto molto in questo settore, much has been done in this field; settore agroindustriale, agribusiness; settore commerciale, business sector; settore immobiliare, real estate sector; settore di attività, line of business; settore industriale, industrial sector (o line of industrial activity); settore primario, primary sector; settore privato, pubblico, private, public sector: settore terziario, tertiary (o services) sector; settore del cotone, cotton line; settore vendite, sales area; settore dei servizi, service (s) sector (o servicing industry); il settore dei trasporti, the transport industry // (inform.) settore del disco, disk sector; settore di un data base, data-base field
    5 ( chi seziona i cadaveri) dissector, prosector // perito settore, forensic surgeon.
    * * *
    I [set'tore]
    sostantivo maschile
    1) (parte) sector, part; (di aula semicircolare) seats pl.
    2) (ambito, ramo) sector, field
    3) amm. (suddivisione) area
    4) mat. sector
    5) mil. sector
    II [set'tore]
    aggettivo med. dissector
    * * *
    settore1
    /set'tore/
    sostantivo m.
     1 (parte) sector, part; (di aula semicircolare) seats pl.
     2 (ambito, ramo) sector, field; settore chimico chemicals division; lavorare nel settore alberghiero to be in the hotel business
     3 amm. (suddivisione) area; settore comunicazioni communication division; settore vendite sales area
     4 mat. sector
     5 mil. sector
    settore circolare sector of a circle; settore primario primary sector; settore privato private sector; settore pubblico public sector; settore secondario secondary industry; settore dei servizi service sector; settore terziario service sector.
    ————————
    settore2
    /set'tore/
    med. dissector; perito settore medical examiner.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > settore

  • 12 установка

    adjustment, apparatus, arrangement, array геофиз., complex, configuration, device, erection, facility, fitting, mill, gear, incorporation, insertion электрон., installation, layout, mount, mounting, outfit, placement, plant, rig, rigging, set, set-in, setting, setup, site, system, unit
    * * *
    устано́вка ж.
    1. ( оборудование) installation; ( агрегат) plant, set; (в зависимости от производства, получения какого-л. продукта, материала и т. п.) plant
    2. (процесс сборки, монтажа) installation, erection, mounting, assembly
    абсорбцио́нная устано́вка — absorption plant, absorption unit
    устано́вка авари́йного пита́ния — emergency power supply unit
    агломери́рующая устано́вка — sintering plant
    бо́йлерная устано́вка — heating-water converter plant
    бурова́я устано́вка — drilling rig
    быстрозамора́живающая устано́вка — quick-freeze plant
    устано́вка валко́в — roll adjustment; roll setting
    ветроэнергети́ческая устано́вка — wind-driven electric plant
    винтомото́рная устано́вка ав.power plant
    водоподготови́тельная устано́вка — water-treatment system
    водоумягчи́тельная устано́вка — water softener
    возду́шно-трелё́вочная устано́вка — flying machine, aerial skidder
    вулканизацио́нная устано́вка — vulcanizing plant
    выпарна́я устано́вка — evaporator system
    выпарна́я, многоко́рпусная устано́вка — multiple-effect evaporator battery, multiple-effect evaporator system
    выпарна́я, одноко́рпусная устано́вка — single-effect evaporator system
    выпарна́я, прямото́чная устано́вка — forward-feed evaporator battery, forward-feed evaporator system
    выпарна́я устано́вка с паралле́льным пита́нием — parallel-feed evaporator battery, parallel-feed evaporator system
    выпарна́я устано́вка с паралле́льным то́ком ( не путать с устано́вкой паралле́льного пита́ния) — forward-feed evaporator battery, forward-feed system (not to be confused with a parallel-feed system)
    выпарна́я устано́вка с противото́ком — backward-feed evaporator battery, backward-feed evaporator system
    устано́вка высотоме́ра ав.altimeter setting
    устано́вка высотоме́ра по давле́нию на аэродро́ме ав.QFE setting
    устано́вка высотоме́ра по давле́нию на у́ровне мо́ря — QNH setting
    газогенера́торная устано́вка — gas generator, gas-generating plant
    газотурби́нная устано́вка — gas-turbine plant
    генера́торная устано́вка — generating plant, generating set
    гидрогенизацио́нная устано́вка — hydrogenation unit
    гидросилова́я устано́вка — water-power plant
    гребна́я устано́вка мор.propulsion plant
    дви́гательная устано́вка — propulsion system, power plant, power unit
    дви́гательная, турби́нная устано́вка — turbine propulsion unit
    дегазацио́нная устано́вка — decontamination plant
    дезинфекцио́нно-душева́я устано́вка — disinfecting shower unit
    ди́зельная устано́вка — diesel (engine) plant
    ди́зель-электри́ческая устано́вка — diesel-electric plant
    устано́вка для вакууми́рования метал.degassing plant
    устано́вка для вакууми́рования в ковше́ метал.ladle degassing plant
    устано́вка для кондициони́рования во́здуха — см. установка кондиционирования воздуха
    устано́вка для приготовле́ния формо́вочного песка́ — sand-conditioning plant
    устано́вка для размора́живания — thawer, defroster
    устано́вка для сублимацио́нной су́шки — freeze-drier, freeze-drying plant
    дождева́льная устано́вка — sprinkler installation, sprinkler system
    дозиро́вочная устано́вка стр.proportioning plant
    дои́льная устано́вка — milking installation, milking plant
    дои́льная устано́вка для дое́ния в молокопрово́д — pipe-line milking installation
    дои́льная устано́вка для дое́ния во фля́ги — in-churn milking outfit
    дои́льная, передвижна́я устано́вка — movable milking installation
    дои́льная, стациона́рная устано́вка — parlour milking installation
    дои́льная устано́вка ти́па ё́лочка — herring-bone (milking) bail
    дробестру́йная устано́вка — shot-blast unit
    устано́вка жи́дкого азо́та — liquid-nitrogen (production) plant
    устано́вка жи́дкого во́здуха — liquid-air (production) plant
    индукцио́нная электротерми́ческая устано́вка — induction (electrothermic) plant
    устано́вка интерва́лов ( в печатающем устройстве) вчт.line adjustment
    испари́тельная устано́вка — evaporator installation
    испыта́тельная устано́вка — test unit
    кислоро́дная устано́вка — oxygen plant
    компле́ктная устано́вка — package plant
    компре́ссорная устано́вка — compressor plant
    устано́вка кондициони́рования во́здуха — air conditioning installation, air conditioning plant, air conditioner
    кормоприготови́тельная устано́вка — feed-processing plant
    корообди́рочная устано́вка дер.-об.barker
    коте́льная устано́вка — boiler installation, boiler plant
    криоге́нная устано́вка — cryogenic plant
    лаборато́рная устано́вка — laboratory-scale plant
    ла́зерная, голографи́ческая устано́вка — hololaser
    модели́рующая устано́вка — simulator
    морози́льная устано́вка — freezing installation, freezing plant
    мусоросжига́тельная устано́вка — (refuse) incinerator
    нагрева́тельная устано́вка — heating installation, heating plant, heating unit
    насо́сная устано́вка — pump(ing) plant
    устано́вка на фо́кус — focusing
    устано́вка непреры́вного о́тжига — continuous annealing installation
    устано́вка непреры́вной разли́вки — continuous casting plant
    устано́вка нивели́ра — level set-up, level setting
    … тре́буется не́сколько устано́вок нивели́ра … — several level set-ups [level settings] may be necessary
    устано́вка нулевы́х у́ровней ( в операционном усилителе) — zero adjustment, zero setting, balance check, balancing
    устано́вка нуля́ — zero adjustment
    обеспы́ливающая устано́вка — dust catcher, dust-collecting plant
    обессо́ливающая устано́вка ( в водообработке) — demineralizing plant
    о́бжиговая устано́вка — метал., хим. calcining [roasting] plant; (в производстве огнеупоров и др. керамических изделий) burning [firing] plant
    обраба́тывающая устано́вка — processing plant
    устано́вка опо́р эл.support erection
    опресни́тельная устано́вка — (water-)desalinating plant
    о́пытная устано́вка ( не путать с эксперимента́льной устано́вкой) — pilot(-scale) plant (not to be confused with experimental plant)
    ороси́тельная устано́вка — sprinkler installation, sprinkler system
    освети́тельная устано́вка — lighting installation, lighting plant, lighting equipment
    отопи́тельная устано́вка — heating installation, heating plant
    устано́вка паралле́льного пита́ния — parallel-feed system
    паросилова́я устано́вка — steam power plant
    паротурби́нная устано́вка — steam-turbine plant
    перего́нная устано́вка — distillation plant, distillation unit
    пла́зменная, электродугова́я устано́вка — archeated plasma chamber
    устано́вка подтона́льного телеграфи́рования — брит. sub-audio telegraph set; амер. composite set
    подъё́мная устано́вка — hoisting plant
    устано́вка пожаротуше́ния — extinguishing installation
    устано́вка по перерабо́тке — processing plant
    устано́вка по перерабо́тке тряпья́ — rag-processing plant
    предвари́тельная устано́вка — presetting
    устано́вка предвари́тельного охлажде́ния — precooler
    промы́шленная устано́вка — commercial [full-scale] plant
    пускова́я устано́вка косм.launcher
    пылеприготови́тельная устано́вка — coal-pulverizing plant
    пылеулови́тельная устано́вка — dust removal [dust collecting] plant
    радиацио́нная устано́вка — radiation plant
    радиацио́нно-биологи́ческая устано́вка [РБУ] — radiobiological plant
    радиацио́нно-физи́ческая устано́вка [РФУ] — radiophysical plant
    радиацио́нно-хими́ческая устано́вка — radiochemical plant
    радиоизото́пная устано́вка — radioisotope plant
    радиолокацио́нная устано́вка — radar installation
    резе́рвная устано́вка — stand-by plant
    рентге́новская устано́вка — X-ray apparatus
    рефрижера́торная устано́вка — refrigerating plant
    сва́рочная устано́вка — welding unit
    сва́рочная, двухпостова́я устано́вка — two-operator welding unit
    сва́рочная, однопостова́я устано́вка — single-operator welding unit
    силова́я устано́вка — propulsion system, power plant, power unit
    осуществля́ть комплекта́цию силово́й устано́вки — build up a power plant
    разукомплекто́вывать силову́ю устано́вку — tear down a power plant
    силова́я, винтомото́рная устано́вка — engine-propeller power plant
    силова́я, возду́шно-реакти́вная устано́вка — air-breathing power plant
    силова́я, вспомога́тельная устано́вка — auxiliary power unit, APU
    смеси́тельная устано́вка — mixer, mixing plant
    устано́вка столбо́в — pole setting, poling
    телевизио́нная устано́вка — TV camera unit
    теплосилова́я устано́вка — thermal power plant
    термоопресни́тельная устано́вка — thermal desalting plant
    устано́вка техни́ческого кислоро́да — tonnage oxygen plant
    трави́льная устано́вка метал.pickling installation
    трубосва́рочная устано́вка — tube-welding [pipe-welding] plant
    турби́нная устано́вка — turbine plant
    турбогенера́торная устано́вка — turbine-generator set, turbogenerator
    хи́мико-технологи́ческая устано́вка — chemical engineering plant
    хи́мико-технологи́ческая, полузаводска́я устано́вка — pilot(-scale process) plant
    хи́мико-технологи́ческая, сте́ндовая устано́вка — bench-scale (process) plant
    хлопкоочисти́тельная устано́вка — cotton cleaner, gin
    хлора́торная устано́вка — chlorination plant
    холоди́льная устано́вка — refrigerating plant
    эксперимента́льная устано́вка — experimental plant
    электри́ческая устано́вка — electrical installation
    энергосилова́я устано́вка — power plant

    Русско-английский политехнический словарь > установка

  • 13 слой


    layer, coat, thickness
    - (покрытие)coating
    - (краски, смазки) — coat
    - (толщина материала)thickness

    the pad consists of two thicknesses of cotton-wool and a thickness of left.
    - атмосферных осадков на bппprecipitated layer on runway
    -, вялый пограничный — slow boundary layer
    -, густой — heavy coat
    -, защитный — protective coating
    -, защитный (консервирующий) — preservative coat
    -, изолирующий — insulating layer
    - корда (покрышки)fabric layer
    -, ламинарный (возд. потока) (рис. 142) — laminar layer
    - ламинарный, пограничный — laminar boundary layer

    in fluid flow, layer next to a fixed boundary.
    -, легкий — light coat
    - легко срабатываемого покрытия (на лабиринтном уплотнении)(labyrinth) seal layer
    - льдаice layer
    -, нестационарный пограничный — unsteady boundary layer
    -, облачный — cloud layer
    -, окисный (пленка окислов) — oxide film
    -, плоский пограничный — two-dimensional boundary
    -, поверхностный — surface layer
    -, пограничный — boundary layer
    часть воздушного потока, непосредственно прилегающая к поверхности тела, в которой проявляется вязкость воздуха и происходит постепенное нарастание скорости от нуля на самой поверхности до местной скорости обтекания (рис. 142). — the layer of fluid in the immediate vicinity of a bounding surface, in fluid mechanics, the layer affected by viscosity of the fluid, referring ambiguously the laminar boundary layer, turbulent boundary layer, or surface boundary layer.
    -, пространственный пограничный — three-dimensional boundary layer
    - протектора (шины)tire tread
    - протектора (шины), резиновый — (tire) tread filler gum
    -, равномерный (клея, краски) — uniform coat apply uniform coat of adhesive.
    - снега, тонкий — light coating of snow
    тонкий слой снега на крылe не влияет на взлетные характеристики самолета. — а light coating of snow on the wing will not affect takeoff performance.
    - стеклаlayer of glass
    - стекла (остекления кабин)pane
    данный термин относится к одному из слоев многослойного стекла. напр., внешнее стекло окна состоит из двух секлянных слоев, одного винилового слоя и одного токопроводящего слоя (для обогрева). — the term оpaneп refers to one of the layers that make up а window panel. for example, the window outer panel has two plate glass panes, one vinyl pane and an electric conductive film (to heat the window).
    -, теплоизоляционный — heat-insulating layer
    -, термоизоляционный (воздуxa для защиты сгорания от перегрева) — thermal boundary. air serves as tflermal boundary to protect combustion chamber from extreme temperatures.
    -, толстый — heavy coating
    -, тонкий — light coat
    нанести тонкий слой масла на поверхности стальных деталей, не имеющие покрытий. — apply а light coat of lubrieating oil to any bare steel surfaces.
    -, турбулентный — turbulent layer
    -, фрикционный (тормозного диска) — friction pad (material)
    -, фрикционный (феррадо) протяженность облачного с. давать высохнуть после нанесения каждого слоя (краски) — (iron-based) friction pad horizontal extent of cloud let dry between coats (or coatings)
    наносить с. — apply coat
    смазывать тонким с. масла — apply а light coat of oil

    Русско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > слой

  • 14 Austin, John

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    fl. 1789 Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish contributor to the early development of the power loom.
    [br]
    On 6 April 1789 John Austin wrote to James Watt, seeking advice about patenting "a weaving loom I have invented to go by the hand, horse, water or any other constant power, to comb, brush, or dress the yarn at the same time as it is weaving \& by which one man will do the work of three and make superior work to what can be done by the common loom" (Boulton \& Watt Collection, Birmingham, James Watt Papers, JW/22). Watt replied that "there is a Clergyman by the name of Cartwright at Doncaster who has a patent for a similar contrivance" (Boulton \& Watt Collection, Birmingham, Letter Book 1, 15 April 1789). Watt pointed out that there was a large manufactory running at Doncaster and something of the same kind at Manchester with working power looms. Presumably, this reply deterred Austin from taking out a patent. However, some members of the Glasgow Chamber of Commerce continued developing the loom, and in 1798 one that was tried at the spinning mill of J.Monteith, of Pollokshaws, near Glasgow, answered the purpose so well that a building was erected and thirty of the looms were installed. Later, in 1800, this number was increased to 200, all of which were driven by a steam engine, and it was stated that one weaver and a boy could tend from three to five of these looms.
    Austin's loom was worked by eccentrics, or cams. There was one cam on each side with "a sudden beak or projection" that drove the levers connected to the picking pegs, while other cams worked the heddles and drove the reed. The loom was also fitted with a weft stop motion and could produce more cloth than a hand loom, and worked at about sixty picks per minute. The pivoting of the slay at the bottom allowed the loom to be much more compact than previous ones.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    A.Rees, 1819, The Cyclopaedia: or Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and Literature, London.
    A.P.Usher, 1958, A History of Mechanical Inventions.
    W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London.
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester.
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Austin, John

  • 15 Ewart, Peter

    SUBJECT AREA: Textiles
    [br]
    b. 14 May 1767 Traquair, near Peebles, Scotland
    d. September 1842 London, England
    [br]
    Scottish pioneer in the mechanization of the textile industry.
    [br]
    Peter Ewart, the youngest of six sons, was born at Traquair manse, where his father was a clergyman in the Church of Scotland. He was educated at the Free School, Dumfries, and in 1782 spent a year at Edinburgh University. He followed this with an apprenticeship under John Rennie at Musselburgh before moving south in 1785 to help Rennie erect the Albion corn mill in London. This brought him into contact with Boulton \& Watt, and in 1788 he went to Birmingham to erect a waterwheel and other machinery in the Soho Manufactory. In 1789 he was sent to Manchester to install a steam engine for Peter Drinkwater and thus his long connection with the city began. In 1790 Ewart took up residence in Manchester as Boulton \& Watt's representative. Amongst other engines, he installed one for Samuel Oldknow at Stockport. In 1792 he became a partner with Oldknow in his cotton-spinning business, but because of financial difficulties he moved back to Birmingham in 1795 to help erect the machines in the new Soho Foundry. He was soon back in Manchester in partnership with Samuel Greg at Quarry Bank Mill, Styal, where he was responsible for developing the water power, installing a steam engine, and being concerned with the spinning machinery and, later, gas lighting at Greg's other mills.
    In 1798, Ewart devised an automatic expansion-gear for steam engines, but steam pressures at the time were too low for such a device to be effective. His grasp of the theory of steam power is shown by his paper to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society in 1808, On the Measure of Moving Force. In 1813 he patented a power loom to be worked by the pressure of steam or compressed air. In 1824 Charles Babbage consulted him about automatic looms. His interest in textiles continued until at least 1833, when he obtained a patent for a self-acting spinning mule, which was, however, outclassed by the more successful one invented by Richard Roberts. Ewart gave much help and advice to others. The development of the machine tools at Boulton \& Watt's Soho Foundry has been mentioned already. He also helped James Watt with his machine for copying sculptures. While he continued to run his own textile mill, Ewart was also in partnership with Charles Macintosh, the pioneer of rubber-coated cloth. He was involved with William Fairbairn concerning steam engines for the boats that Fairbairn was building in Manchester, and it was through Ewart that Eaton Hodgkinson was introduced to Fairbairn and so made the tests and calculations for the tubes for the Britannia Railway Bridge across the Menai Straits. Ewart was involved with the launching of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway as he was a director of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce at the time.
    In 1835 he uprooted himself from Manchester and became the first Chief Engineer for the Royal Navy, assuming responsibility for the steamboats, which by 1837 numbered 227 in service. He set up repair facilities and planned workshops for overhauling engines at Woolwich Dockyard, the first establishment of its type. It was here that he was killed in an accident when a chain broke while he was supervising the lifting of a large boiler. Engineering was Ewart's life, and it is possible to give only a brief account of his varied interests and connections here.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    Obituary, 1843, "Institution of Civil Engineers", Annual General Meeting, January. Obituary, 1843, Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society Memoirs (NS) 7. R.L.Hills, 1987–8, "Peter Ewart, 1767–1843", Manchester Literary and Philosophical
    Society Memoirs 127.
    M.B.Rose, 1986, The Gregs of Quarry Bank Mill The Rise and Decline of a Family Firm, 1750–1914, Cambridge (covers E wart's involvement with Samuel Greg).
    R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester; R.L.Hills, 1989, Power
    from Steam, Cambridge (both look at Ewart's involvement with textiles and steam engines).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Ewart, Peter

  • 16 Whitehead, Robert

    SUBJECT AREA: Weapons and armour
    [br]
    b. 3 January 1823 Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire, England
    d. 19 November 1903 Shrivenham, Wiltshire, England
    [br]
    English inventor of the torpedo.
    [br]
    At the age of 14 Whitehead was apprenticed by his father, who ran a cotton-bleaching business, to an engineering firm in Manchester. He moved in 1847 to join his uncle, who was the Manager of another engineering firm, and three years later Whitehead set up on his own in Milan, where he made mechanical improvements to the silk-weaving industry and designed drainage machines for the Lombardy marshes.
    In 1848 he was forced to move from Italy because of the revolution and settled in Fiume, which was then part of Austria. There he concen-. trated on designing and building engines for warships, and in 1864 the Austrians invited him to participate in a project to develop a "floating torpedo". In those days the torpedo was synonymous with the underwater mine, and Whitehead believed that he could do better than this proposal and produce an explosive weapon that could propel itself through the water. He set to work with his son John and a mechanic, producing the first version of his torpedo in 1866. It had a range of only 700 yd (640 m) and a speed of just 7 knots (13 km/h), as well as depth-keeping problems, but even so, especially after he had reduced the last problem by the use of a "balance chamber", the Austrian authorities were sufficiently impressed to buy construction rights and to decorate him. Other navies quickly followed suit and within twenty years almost every navy in the world was equipped with the Whitehead torpedo, its main attraction being that no warship, however large, was safe from it. During this time Whitehead continued to improve on his design, introducing a servo-motor and gyroscope, thereby radically improving range, speed and accuracy.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Order of Max Joseph (Austria) 1868. Légion d'honneur 1884. Whitehead also received decorations from Prussia, Denmark, Portugal, Italy and Greece.
    Further Reading
    Dictionary of National Biography, 1912, Vol. 3, Suppl. 2, London: Smith, Elder.
    CM

    Biographical history of technology > Whitehead, Robert

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